COOH) represents the protonated form of the organic acid, whereas lactate (CH₃CH (OH)COO⁻) represents its conjugated base.

Deficiencies can occur when you don’t get enough B-12 from your diet or when your body can’t use it properly. Typically, vitamin B-12 deficiencies can be detected through the vitamin B-12 test.

A well-established technique, acid-base titration is an analytical method used to determine the concentration of an unknown acid or base. In practice, it involves ...