Recent developments in direct electron detectors as well as improved image data analysis have led to vast improvement in the resolution achievable by single-particle cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) ...

The scientist John Dalton carried out a series of experiments. He concluded that all matter was made of tiny particles called atoms. He suggested that an atom was a tiny solid ball. He published his ...

Physicists got their first look at the structure of the atomic nucleus. When you purchase through links on our site, we may earn an affiliate commission. Here’s how it works. The Geiger-Marsden ...

Bohr’s Model of an Atom: Danish Physicist Niels Bohr received his Ph.D. from the University of Copenhagen in 1911. In 1922, he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics for his work on the atom’s ...

Superionic water—the hot, black and strangely conductive form of ice that exists in the center of distant planets—was predicted in the 1980s and first recreated in a laboratory in 2018. With each ...

The Standard Model is the modern physical understanding of three of the four forces of nature: electromagnetism, the strong nuclear force and the weak nuclear force. When you purchase through links on ...

Since the beginning of time, human beings have sought to understand what the universe and everything within it is made up of. And while ancient magi and philosophers conceived of a world composed of ...

Bohr’s atomic model was utterly revolutionary when it was presented in 1913 but, although it is still taught in schools, it became obsolete decades ago. However, its creator also developed a much ...