New research shows that these fields speed up water dissociation not by lowering energy costs, but by increasing molecular disorder once ions form. The reaction becomes entropy-driven—exactly the ...

The catalytic activities of basic and thermoresponsive microgel particles for the Knoevenagel condensation reaction in water at ambient temperature were evaluated. The gel particles (GPs) were ...

Over billions of years of evolution, nature has developed an intricate machinery to covalently attach diverse functional groups to proteins after their synthesis by the ribosome — a process called ...