As the global demand for plastic rises every year, the amount of plastic waste generated also increases. The OECD estimated in 2019 that the world generates approximately 353 million tons of plastic ...

Plastic accumulation poses both environmental and health challenges, yet conventional mechanical recycling has limited efficiency for plastics as it can compromise physical properties of the materials ...

Established industrial systems have historically been designed to function as linear frameworks, transforming raw materials—including fossil and renewable resources—into products that become waste ...