In pines, self-pollination rates can be as high as 34% yet only 5% of viable seed is a product of self-fertilization. This decline in selfed seed viability is the consequence of post-fertilization ...

Trimming hedges keeps them healthy, bushy, and controlled. However, knowing when to prune hedges can be confusing as there ...

Background and aims In temperate conifer forests, soil temperature is an important driver of fine root growth and winter root growth can occur during aerial dormancy. We hypothesize that in conifers, ...