Fluid can also come out of structurally normal veins when the oncotic pressure (the tendency for fluid to stay in the veins due to proteins in the blood) is low. This happens because of the loss of ...

The choice of loop diuretic for decongestion in patients hospitalized with heart failure (HF) may make little difference to survival or readmission risk over the next year, at least when deciding ...

Over time, the retention of sodium leads to crackles, peripheral edema, hepatomegaly with ascites, increased blood volume, and increased cardiac filling pressures. Although diuretics do not directly ...

In an observational study, furosemide doses of 250 to 500 mg and spironolactone doses of 50 to 100 mg were independently associated with approximately 14% and 20% increased odds of hyponatremia, ...