The electrical potential across the bacterial cell envelope indicates when bacteria no longer operate as individual cells but as a collective. Researchers have discovered this connection between the ...

About 20% of all adults around the world live with chronic pain. Researchers from the University of Minnesota discovered via an animal model that the combination of electrical and sound stimulation ...

Zeta potential is a key indicator of the stability of colloidal dispersions and nanoparticle suspensions. It measures the electrical potential difference between the bulk of the liquid and the ...

Homeowners know that the work of maintaining a home is never done. Cleaning is a daily task associated with homeownership, and such sessions can reveal more than dust buildup or dirty walls and ...