In particle physics, data long outlives the detectors that generate it. A decade ago the 4,100-metric-ton Collider Detector at Fermilab (CDF) reached the end of its life and was shut down, stripped of ...

The particles that are in an atom: protons, neutrons and electrons The particles that are in protons and neutrons: quarks The four fundamental forces: gravity, electromagnetism, the strong force and ...

In 2024, the T2K Collaboration started to collect new neutrino data following several upgrades to the experiment that included new types of detectors. One of these, called SuperFGD, has a mass of ...

The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine are private, nonprofit institutions that provide expert advice on some of the most pressing challenges facing the nation and world. Our ...

An international collaboration has shown that additive manufacturing offers a realistic way to build large-scale plastic scintillator detectors for particle physics experiments. In 2024, the T2K ...

The most powerful particle collider currently lies about 100 meters underground, circling several French and Swiss towns northwest of Geneva. The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) revs up protons to ...

Researchers at Fermilab, who run the Tevatron particle accelerator, say they’ve discovered a new particle “anomaly,” leading people to think they may have uncovered a new elementary particle or new ...

Particle physics describes the universe at the smallest scale. This includes subatomic particles, like protons and neutrons, as well as elementary particles, like quarks and electrons, which make up ...

It has been thought of as many things: a pointlike object, an excitation of a field, a speck of pure math that has cut into reality. But never has physicists’ conception of a particle changed more ...

Forbes contributors publish independent expert analyses and insights. The Universe is out there, waiting for you to discover it. Imagine that you wanted to know what the matter around you was made of, ...

THE name “negative electron” was applied to the elementary particle of negative electricity after the experimental evidence for the variation of its mass with velocity had generally convinced ...