The particles that are in an atom: protons, neutrons and electrons The particles that are in protons and neutrons: quarks The four fundamental forces: gravity, electromagnetism, the strong force and ...

Columnist Natalie Wolchover checks in with particle physicists more than a decade after the field entered a profound crisis.

In 2024, the T2K Collaboration started to collect new neutrino data following several upgrades to the experiment that included new types of detectors. One of these, called SuperFGD, has a mass of ...

An obscure theory of elementary particles proved to be key to China’s re-emergence as a scientific nation after the Cultural ...

A committee-supported project or activity that has been completed and for which output dissemination has begun. Its committee has been disbanded and closeout procedures are underway. Elementary ...

The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine are private, nonprofit institutions that provide expert advice on some of the most pressing challenges facing the nation and world. Our ...

A collaboration of hundreds of scientists have precisely measured the mass of the W boson, an elementary particle responsible for the weak nuclear force. The researchers found, to their surprise, that ...

Every few years, scientists take a step back to take a broader look at their field and determine what questions are most pressing—and what tools they will need to answer those questions. This year the ...

Protons can hold an elementary particle heavier than themselves. When you purchase through links on our site, we may earn an affiliate commission. Here’s how it works. Protons may have more "charm" ...

Luther College Physics Professor Todd Pedlar has received his seventh consecutive National Science Foundation (NSF) research grant. Since 2006, NSF grants have allowed Pedlar and Luther students to ...