The particles that are in an atom: protons, neutrons and electrons The particles that are in protons and neutrons: quarks The four fundamental forces: gravity, electromagnetism, the strong force and ...

The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine are private, nonprofit institutions that provide expert advice on some of the most pressing challenges facing the nation and world. Our ...

Every few years, scientists take a step back to take a broader look at their field and determine what questions are most pressing—and what tools they will need to answer those questions. This year the ...

Physics has demonstrated that the everyday phenomena we experience are governed by universal principles applying at time and distance scales far beyond normal human experience. Physics has ...

In 2024, the T2K Collaboration started to collect new neutrino data following several upgrades to the experiment that included new types of detectors. One of these, called SuperFGD, has a mass of ...

The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine are private, nonprofit institutions that provide expert advice on some of the most pressing challenges facing the nation and world. Our ...

DEEP UNDER the countryside north of Geneva, straddling the Franco-Swiss border, one of the most advanced scientific machines ever built has been banging subatomic particles together for more than a ...

In the 1990s, the Liquid Scintillator Neutrino Detector (LSND) in Los Alamos, New Mexico, found a weird anomaly during its experiments on tiny elementary particles called neutrinos. It found far more ...

Edited by F. Gürsey. (Lectures of the Istanbul Summer School of Theoretical Physics, July 16–August 4, 1962.) (Quantum Physics and Its Applications, Vol. 1.) Pp. vii + 425. (New York and London: ...