Entropy and information theory offer a robust quantitative framework for decoding the complexity inherent in landscape patterns. By drawing from principles in thermodynamics and statistical mechanics, ...

Information theory provides a mathematical framework for quantifying information and uncertainty, forming the backbone of modern communication, signal processing, and data analysis. Central to this ...

Turbulence in nature refers to the complex, time-dependent, and spatially varying fluctuations that develop in fluids such as water, air, and plasma. It is a universal phenomenon that appears across a ...

The universe, in all its vastness, is governed by physical laws that dictate the ebb and flow of matter and energy. A cornerstone among these laws is the second law of thermodynamics, which suggests a ...

Gravity is supposed to be the most familiar force in nature, yet at the deepest level it remains the least understood. A bold ...

Exactly 200 years ago, a French engineer introduced an idea that would quantify the universe’s inexorable slide into decay. But entropy, as it’s currently understood, is less a fact about the world ...

For more than a century, gravity has been the stubborn outlier in physics, resisting every attempt to merge Einstein’s smooth space-time with the jittery world of quantum mechanics. A new wave of ...