Social Studies of Science, Vol. 27, No. 6 (Dec., 1997), pp. 937-949 (13 pages) Referring to a previously published paper may perform the function of referring to a school of thought symbolized by that ...

Thousands of scientific papers are retracted every year because of fraudulent activity, with both authors and journals gaming a system to gain academic acclaim through deceit, dishonesty and false ...

In academia, citations have historically been seen as a measure of credibility. The frequency of a researcher’s citations correlates with the perceived value of his or her work. This conviction has ...

Although Chicago style can appear intimidating, it’s nothing more than a comprehensive guide for writing within the humanities and liberal arts. Footnotes are convenient. Say you’re reading a history ...