Industrial control systems can be categorized in two types: open-loop and closed-loop systems. The open-loop control system is a continuous control system that provides no feedback from its output.

Understanding the feed-forward mechanism is required in order to create a neural network that solves difficult practical problems such as predicting the result of a football game or the movement of a ...

For example, assuming nodes are zero-indexed starting from the top of the diagram, the weight from input node 2 to hidden node 3 has value 1.2. Each hidden and output node, but not any input node, has ...

Maximal Output Admissible Sets (MOAS) are the set of all initial states and references such that the output response is always constraint admissible. Introduced in [1], the MOAS holds a special place ...

Efficiency can be defined as “the good use of time and energy in a way that does not waste any” 1. Fig. 1 shows a simple process diagram showing basic input, process, output, and loss. Fig. 1 - ...

Editor’s Note: This article was submitted in response to the call for ideas issued by the co-chairs of the National Security Commission on Artificial Intelligence, Eric Schmidt and Robert Work. It ...