The big thinkers at Aperture explain the four fundamental forces that govern the physical world.

James is a published author with multiple pop-history and science books to his name. He specializes in history, space, strange science, and anything out of the ordinary.View full profile James is a ...

Gravity is the most familiar of nature’s forces. It keeps our feet planted on the ground and dictates the movements of ...

Alfredo has a PhD in Astrophysics and a Master's in Quantum Fields and Fundamental Forces from Imperial College London.View full profile Alfredo has a PhD in Astrophysics and a Master's in Quantum ...

Emergent gravity is a bold idea. It claims that the force of gravity is a mere illusion, more akin to friction or heat—a property that emerges from some deeper physical interaction. This emergent ...

Researchers at Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, have discovered a quick and easy way to study the hidden forces that bind the smallest objects in the universe together. Using gold, salt ...

The gravity quantum field is calculated in flat spacetime. The curved classical metric is calculated using the expectation value of the gravity quantum field. At long last, a unified theory combining ...

A new method using gold flakes, salt water, and light reveals the tiny forces that bind matter and drive self-assembly, offering fresh insight into nanoscale physics. (Nanowerk News) In the lab at ...

Time feels like the most basic feature of reality. Seconds tick, days pass and everything from planetary motion to human memory seems to unfold along a single, irreversible direction. We are born and ...

In planning, we arguably do have a kind of “theory of everything”—a framework that allows for the meaningful participation of ...

During brain development, neurons extend long processes called axons. Axons link different areas of the brain and carry signals within it and to the rest of the body. Growing axons "wire up" the brain ...