A paradigm shift occurred in Paris in the late 17 th Century, as the speed of light that thinkers, such as Descartes and Aristotle, had speculated as being infinite and instantaneous had been ...

Optical encoders have been used to measure position, speed, acceleration and motion direction for decades, but now they are finding new applications where high performance and miniaturization are ...

Encoders are a vital component in many applications that require motion control and feedback information. Whether a system’s requirement is speed, direction, or distance, an encoder produces control ...