Deep neural networks (DNNs), the machine learning algorithms underpinning the functioning of large language models (LLMs) and other artificial intelligence (AI) models, learn to make accurate ...

David Beer’s book The Tensions of Algorithmic Thinking has recently been published by Bristol University Press. In 1956, during a year-long trip to London and in his early 20s, the mathematician and ...

How do brains learn? It’s a mystery, one that applies both to the spongy organs in our skulls and to their digital counterparts in our machines. Even though artificial neural networks (ANNs) are built ...