Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) is an established nanoscale imaging technique, offering a topographic map of a surface sample high spatial resolution. The main drawback, until recently, of using AFM has ...

IR spectroscopy, or infrared spectroscopy, is an analytical technique used to identify and study chemical substances based on their interaction with infrared radiation. It measures the absorption of ...

Mid-Infrared (Mid-IR) spectroscopy is extensively used for lubricant formulation and evaluation due to the detailed information on chemical composition offered by this technique. In recent years, it ...

IR spectroscopy is one of the most popular analytical measurement methods used for polymeric material characterization. However, this is mostly resticted to macroscopic analysis as Abbe diffraction ...

Submicron and nanoscale chemical identification of semiconductor materials, particularly organic ones, poses a considerable challenge in the analysis of devices and also in the process control and ...