Disclaimer: This Working Paper should not be reported as representing the views of the IMF.The views expressed in this Working Paper are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent those ...

Nonparametric methods provide a flexible framework for estimating the probability density function of random variables without imposing a strict parametric model. By relying directly on observed data, ...

A kernel density curve may follow the shape of the distribution more closely. To construct a normal kernel density curve, one parameter is required: the bandwidth .The value of determines the degree ...