Abstract: Neural tissue requires a great metabolic demand despite negligible intrinsic energy stores. As a result, the central nervous system (CNS) depends upon a continuous influx of metabolic ...

COOH) represents the protonated form of the organic acid, whereas lactate (CH₃CH (OH)COO⁻) represents its conjugated base.

The Warburg effect describes how cancer cells switch from oxidative phosphorylation to glycolysis even in oxygen-rich conditions, producing massive amounts of lactate that accumulate in the tumor ...

The Nature Index 2025 Research Leaders — previously known as Annual Tables — reveal the leading institutions and countries/territories in the natural and health sciences, according to their output in ...