Set theory remains the fulcrum of modern mathematical foundations, providing the language and axiomatic structure upon which much of mathematics is built. Predominantly formulated through the ...

Set theory, the mathematical study of collections of objects, forms a foundation for much of modern mathematics, while cardinal functions provide a means to quantify the sizes of these sets, ...

If we want to understand complex constructions, such as ourselves, assembly theory says we must account for the entire history of how such entities came to be. Life on other worlds — if it exists — ...

“This retroactive idea. It has to be that,” says Nobel Prize-winning mathematical physicist Sir Roger Penrose, reflecting on a problem about the building blocks of reality that has dogged physics for ...