Explore the bimetallic standard, a monetary system where governments accept gold and silver coins as legal tender, providing ...

Learn how central banks use forward guidance to shape economic expectations and guide monetary policy decisions. Explore key ...

THE European money crisis only dramatized what many experts have long regarded as an unassailable dictum: the free world’s monetary system is overdue for an overhaul. That system—the internationally ...

According to a 2025 report by the People's Bank of China, the RMB is now the world's third most-used currency for trade ...

Over history, the world has adopted the currency of the leading country for global payments. The USD is, arguably, the first global currency untethered from precious metals. Despite external ...

Repo operations at the Fed on the last day of 2025 signal growing stress in the financial system, similar to the setup we saw ...

This model may define the next generation of global finance, shaped by digital adoption, institutional evolution and ...

Forbes contributors publish independent expert analyses and insights. I write about economic policy for the 21st century. Today is a period when we are building the foundation for the monetary systems ...

U.S. dollar history shows international monetary system can evolve quickly But lack of alternatives implies that dollar should remain at system's center Stronger system requires efforts from advanced, ...

In March 2009, a few months after the outbreak of the global financial crisis, the governor of China’s central bank, Zhou Xiaochuan, published an essay on the bank’s website. Zhou criticized the ...

First, I would like to thank you for the invitation. It is a great pleasure for me to deliver today’s Per Jacobsson lecture. And it is also a special honour as I am the first German to deliver the ...

Jeremy Allaire is co-founder, chairman and CEO of Circle, which, with Coinbase, pioneered the open standards CENTRE Consortium and USD Coin (USDC) – a dollar-backed stablecoin used in millions of ...