Total Aortic Arch Replacement is a surgical procedure that involves replacing the entire aortic arch, which is the curved portion of the aorta that extends from the heart. This procedure is typically ...

Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther. 2012;10(12):1497-1516. A circumflex RAA also causes a vascular ring, by echo showing RAA branching pattern and a thoracic descending aorta in the left side of the ...

Interrupted aortic arch (IAA) is a serious congenital heart anomaly, often associated with other cardiac abnormalities which make its treatment complex. It is found, in at least one out of four cases, ...