The detection strengthens evidence that all six quark flavors existed at the dawn of time, in the soupy quark-gluon plasma thought to have suffused the Universe in the moments after the Big Bang.

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This state, called a quark-gluon plasma, existed for a brief time until the temperature dropped to about 20 trillion Kelvin, ... (3–165 GeV) for three massless quark flavors.

Do top quarks, nature's heaviest elementary particle, obey Einstein's rules at all times of day and night? Scientists at the Large Hadron Collider have the answer.

The particular fermion they found is a top quark (there are six flavors of quarks: top, bottom, up, down, charm, and strange). While they might not be the bosons which were being sought out, top ...

Empty 500g quark into a bowl, then fold in half of the cooled rhubarb and its cooking liquor. Transfer to glass serving dishes or champagne coupes and spoon the rest of the rhubarb on top.