Inside high-energy proton collisions, quarks and gluons briefly form a dense, boiling state before cooling into ordinary ...

Polarized proton containing spinning quarks and gluons (represented by right-handed and left-handed spirals). The negative Δg solutions (blue) are disfavored relative to the positive Δg solutions (red ...

UPTON, NY—Scientists seeking to explore the teeming microcosm of quarks and gluons inside protons and neutrons report new data delivered by particles of light. The light particles, or photons, come ...

Scientists seeking to explore the teeming microcosm of quarks and gluons inside protons and neutrons report new data delivered by particles of light. The light particles, or photons, come directly ...

High energy proton collisions can be pictured as a roiling sea of quarks and gluons, including short lived virtual particles. At first glance, this ...

Holographic QCD employs ideas drawn from string theory and the AdS/CFT correspondence to study the strong coupling regime of quantum chromodynamics, offering a dual gravitational description of quark ...

A cartoon of the quark-gluon plasma (small red, green, and blue circles) produced in a relativistic heavy ion collision between two heavy nuclei (white circles). The collision produces a heavy quark ...

For the first time, quarks and gluons were used to describe properties of atomic nuclei, which until now had been explained by the existence of protons and neutrons. The temporary pair of correlated ...

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The early Universe was a strange place. The Universe was so dense and hot that atoms and nuclei could not form—they would be ripped apart by high-energy collisions. Even protons and neutrons could not ...