Required rate of return (RRR) gives investors a benchmark to determine the minimum acceptable return on an investment considering the risk involved. By calculating RRR, investors can assess whether an ...

Real rate of return adjusts for inflation, providing a true growth measure. S&P 500's real rate is 7.9%, versus a nominal 11.8%, due to inflation. Using real rates in retirement planning ensures ...

When you’re considering buying into an annuity, it’s natural to wonder what kinds of returns they typically attain. The rate of return is an important factor in the growth of their portfolio and how ...

Excess return refers to the return on an investment that surpasses the return of a benchmark or a risk-free rate. It measures the performance of an investment in relation to its expected or required ...

The CAGR, or the compound annual growth rate, simply reflects the annualized return of a metric on a compounded basis, over a given period of time. The Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR), is the ...

Forbes contributors publish independent expert analyses and insights. Bernie Kent, J.D., CPA, PFS covers taxes and investments. This article is more than 3 years old. Time weighted rate of return and ...

A discount rate is a percentage rate that investors use to measure the value of future cash flows in today's dollars. A discount rate has a wide variety of applications in terms of analyzing ...