A variety of logic-circuit techniques have been in use since the 1960s, when integrated logic first came into existence. In the beginning was Resistor-Transistor Logic (RTL). Then came ...

Logic signals have fallen from the 15V of the old CMOS 4000 series to 5V TTL (transistor-to-transistor logic) to modern CMOS levels of 3.3, 2.7, and 1.8V. Advanced processes use digital logic that ...

This may very well be the smallest homemade TTL CPU we’ve ever seen. Measuring at one square inch, this tiny chip boasts 40 connections, an 8-bit databus, a 16-bit address bus, a 64 kB memory space, ...

The fun part about logic gates is that there are so many ways to make them, with each approach having its own advantages and disadvantages. Although these days transistor-transistor logic (TTL) is the ...