Physicists and computer scientists have recently expanded the modern theory of the thermodynamics of computation. By combining approaches from statistical physics and computer science, the researchers ...

Theory of Computation offers a rigorous mathematical framework that underpins our understanding of what can be computed and how efficiently these computations may be performed. It encompasses ...

The ball rolls across the floor because it was kicked, just as Earth orbits the sun because it is tugged by gravity. The connection between cause and effect is fundamental to how we understand the ...