Cells are defined by the genes they express; protein-coding genes are carefully regulated so that the correct proteins will be active at the right times and places to carry out a cell's functions.

Traditional microbial expression systems can be advanced through improved plasmid replication, target gene transcription, ...

Genes are the building blocks of life, and the genetic code provides the instructions for the complex processes that make organisms function. But how and why did it come to be the way it is? A recent ...