Low-voltage CMOS analog circuit design has emerged as a critical area of research, driven by the dual imperatives of energy efficiency and high-performance signal processing. This discipline focuses ...

Accurately measuring voltages requires minimizing the impact of the instrument connection to the tested circuit. Typical digital voltmeters (DVMs) use 10MO resistor networks to keep loading effects to ...

Two of the most often used amplifier building blocks in audio amplifier design are the common emitter amplifier with emitter degeneration and the emitter follower using the same circuit biasing. The ...

This file type includes high-resolution graphics and schematics when applicable. A coulomb counter can measure charge that flows into or out of a battery, and small, dedicated ICs can directly ...

Although advances in photonics and electronics are making it easier and cheaper to implement a light detection and ranging (LIDAR) system, the analog front-end receiver interface still presents many ...