Composite functions are made when the output from one function is used as the input of another function. The names of the functions are written next to each other, with the function that is used first ...

Support your confidence in this topic by refreshing your knowledge of substitution and changing the subject of formulae. A function takes an input value, applies a rule to it, and produces an output ...

The Rosenbrock function, also referred to as the Valley or Banana function, is a popular test problem for gradient-based optimization algorithms. It is shown in the plot above in its two-dimensional ...

The Sphere function has d local minima except for the global one. It is continuous, convex and unimodal. The plot shows its two-dimensional form. The function is usually evaluated on the hypercube x i ...