Sugar is often labelled as being “bad” for health. Some headlines claim sugar causes obesity, as well as cancer, cardiovascular disease or premature death. In contrast, sugars are labelled as “good” ...

Many athletes have experienced muscle cramping during or after exercise, at some point in their sporting career. It is difficult to assess how many athletes suffer from muscle cramps, as some athletes ...

So, in this study, Leigh Breen made sure the recommended amount of carbohydrate was ingested (65 g/h) and in one condition an additional 19g/h of a protein hydrolysate was ingested (for an explanation ...

Let's look at the absorption process close-up. Absorption is the process of moving a nutrient from the intestinal lumen into the bodies’ circulation (from left to right in the figure below). In this ...

When we recommend carbohydrate intake for the day, it is often expressed as grams per kg bodyweight. For example, for most sports this will be between 5 and 8 g/kg with values up to 12 g/kg on some ...

Caffeine is both a drug and a nutrient. A cup of coffee in the morning is used to wake up a cup in the evening is often used to work or study late. Athletes often use it to improve endurance ...

An interesting review (1) was published recently re-igniting the discussion whether women will ever outperform men in ultra-endurance events. Males tend to outperform females in a number of sports.

Sugar is a carbohydrate. The name carbohydrate indicates molecules built of carbon (carbo) and hydrogen (hydrate; water). It also contains oxygen. The general formula of carbohydrate is CH2O. In other ...

Caffeine is used by many athletes due to its potential as a performance enhancer. There is a substantial amount of scientific evidence to support this. How you get the caffeine into the body can vary.

This week I chaired a session at the ECOSEP conference in Barcelona. Some of the top researchers in the field of muscle and tendon injury research got together in the amazing facilities of the great ...

Professor Ron Maughan and colleagues set out to compare a number of different drinks and capture the hydrating properties in what they called the beverage hydration index (BHI). Essentially, the index ...

The studies by David Costill in the late 1970s (2) showed that caffeine can increase the mobilisation of fatty acids from their stores. Fat is stored in several tissues but mostly in adipose tissues.