The original version of this story appeared in Quanta Magazine. One July afternoon in 2024, Ryan Williams set out to prove himself wrong. Two months had passed since he’d hit upon a startling ...

Consensus algorithms are processes where validators (also known as nodes or miners) within a blockchain network agree on the current state of the network. This mainly entails agreeing on whether a ...

Debbie Passey does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organization that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond ...

Williams is Assistant Professor of Communication and Digital Studies at the University of Michigan, Senior Fellow in Trustworthy AI at the Mozilla Foundation, and Faculty Associate at Harvard ...