The purpose of this report is to examine the causes of the failure of the Ukrainian offensive in 2023 to avoid the repetition of such errors in the future and to inform the regeneration of offensive ...

Europe's defence industry needs investment to meet growing security demands. The real problems are not ESG standards, but bureaucracy, banks' reputational concerns and the general defence market.

Military strikes on Iran's nuclear facilities and Tehran's criticism of the IAEA threaten to undermine the credibility and effectiveness of the Agency's work, with implications for non-proliferation ...

President Trump’s new corollary to the Monroe doctrine will provide more triggers for forceful action in the Western Hemisphere, but the focus on Latin America could motivate the US toward more ...

Latvia is one of several European countries where debates on integrating women in the armed forces is an important dimension of contemporary approaches to conscription. Facing a volatile external ...

Operation Rising Lion has demonstrated the vast conventional superiority that Israel enjoys over Iran, highlighting the importance of intelligence, surprise and effective air and missile defence. But ...

Russia’s pugilistic actions in the sub-threshold-of-war grey zone leave Allies uneasy, and require contemplation before a proper response. At the beginning of 2025, I wrote about the Kremlin’s growing ...

Recent events have highlighted the importance of diversifying transport corridors, with railways central in the foreign policy strategy of Russia, China and the West. But it is not without risk. Too ...

The shadow fleets of Russia, Iran and North Korea are in the international spotlight, but efforts to counter their operations will fail while these vessels can so easily obtain new flags. The practice ...

2025 offered the most generous potential off-ramp for Vladimir Putin. He rejected it. Russia must demonstrate to its domestic audience and to the West that it retains the initiative and remains a ...

Framing defence spending as a path to prosperity ignores its poor economic returns, limited job creation, and the opportunity costs of not making alternative public investments. The government has ...

The legacy of the UK’s involvement in Afghanistan is one of compounding whole-of-government failure. The fourth Anglo-Afghan conflict (2001-21) is a dark period in British military history which is ...