When the Nag Hammadi codices were discovered in Egypt in 1945, the world gained access to a body of writings that challenged some of the most deeply rooted assumptions in Western religion. Among these ...

The Cantabrian Wars (29-16 BC) represented Rome's final push to subjugate the last independent Celtic peoples in western continental Europe. The conflicts were so challenging that Augustus himself ...

"Double dyeing achieved a sophisticated imitation that could easily pass for authentic royal purple ," Dr. Sukenik explains. "Madder and woad were widely available, far cheaper, and far easier to work ...

Roland Scheel, a Scandinavian scholar leading the research, explained that primary sources were written by Christian scholars well over a century after the Viking period ended. Apart from brief runic ...

The San José was returning to Europe laden with extraordinary wealth meant to fund Spain's war efforts when British warships intercepted it near the fortified port city of Cartagena, Colombia. The ...

Aeschylus, widely regarded as the “Father of Tragedy,” was one of the first of classical Athens’ great dramatists. He raised the emerging art of tragedy to new heights of poetry and theatrical power.

The sarcophagus was found among abandoned houses in a quarter of Aquincum that had been vacated in the 3rd century and later repurposed as a burial ground. Nearby discoveries included a Roman aqueduct ...

The bones discovered at Goyet represent the largest assemblage of cannibalized Neanderthal remains in northern Europe. Nearly one-third of the 101 skeletal fragments bear unmistakable signs of ...

Ancient Persians believed the sky was blue because it reflected a massive sapphire beneath the Earth, giving the stone cosmic symbolism. Kings, priests, and rulers wore sapphires to signal wisdom, ...

In the hills around East Bay and elsewhere near San Francisco, there is a series of stone walls that extend discontinuously for miles. The walls are about 3-4 feet (a meter or so) high in most places ...

A massive 4,000-year-old Bronze Age coffin, carved from a single oak tree and discovered by chance at a Lincolnshire golf club, has arrived at Lincoln Museum, UK, where it will be displayed to the ...

The ancient Greek city state of Sparta had a social hierarchy that was different from many of its neighbors. The top of the social pyramid was occupied by the two kings, whose powers were checked by a ...