Cilia and flagella are evolutionarily conserved, microtubule-based, hair-like organelles that protrude from the cell surface. They are the fundamental units of motion in cellular biology, and also ...

One tiny flick of a microscopic cellular hair, known as a cilium, can’t do much on its own. But together, these structures routinely pull off biological marvels within the body. Cilia remove inhaled ...

In many cells of the human body, hair-like protrusions known as cilia act as antennae, allowing cells to receive signals from their environment and other cells. As cells grow and divide, each cilium ...

Existence of cellular structures with specific size raises a fundamental question in biology: How do cells measure length? One conceptual answer to this question is by a molecular ruler, but examples ...

A new study now reveals that cilia in the organizer function as sensors for mechanical force exerted by flow to shape the left-right body plan of the developing embryo. Although the human body is ...

Primary cilia are sensory organelles present on the cell surface; however, their physical structure has not been defined due to technical reasons. A new PNAS study examined primary cilia in human ...

One essential component of each eukaryotic cell is the cytoskeleton. Microtubules, tiny tubes consisting of a protein called tubulin, are part of this skeleton of cells. Cilia and flagella, which are ...

Loss of primary cilia results in the downregulation of PD-L1 expression, which contributes to unrestrained local T cell proliferation and activation. Ciliopathies are multisystem disorders ...

The behaviour of cilia and flagella is of considerable interest because of the conversion by these organelles of chemical energy into the mechanical energy necessary for movement. In this article ...

Primary cilia are microscopic sensory antennae that transmit extracellular signals into intracellular biochemical responses. Growing evidence indicates that primary cilia are implicated in brain ...

Flagella are composed of over 20 unique proteins and represent a complex set of molecular machinery, working in unison to provide motility to many Gram-negative and positive species of bacteria, as ...