It has long been known that the simple combination of a depletion-mode MOSFET (and before these were available, a JFET) and a resistor made a simple, serviceable current source such as that seen on ...

CMOS current reference circuits play a critical role in modern integrated circuits by providing a stable and reproducible current source that remains unaffected by variations in supply voltage, ...

A 4 to 20 mA loop current is a popular terminology with Instrumentation/Electronics engineers in process industries. Field transmitters like pressure,temperature,flow ...

Residual current circuit breakers (RCCB) play a narrow but important role in electrical protection. They are frequently specified, often misunderstood, and regularly credited with capabilities they ...