Oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate to form acetyl–coenzyme A, a crucial step in many metabolic pathways, is carried out in most aerobic organisms by the multienzyme complex pyruvate dehydrogenase.

Figure 1: a, Ribbon diagram and b, folding topology of TS-Phy. Figure 4: Scatchard plot derived from the duplicate measurements of Ca 2+ binding to TS-Phy by a modified equilibrium dialysis method 24.

National AI usage among businesses is growing, with current rates at 18% and projected to hit 22% in six months. Larger firms show higher AI adoption; those with 250+ employees report a 27% usage rate ...