Four different glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF)-family ligand (GFL)– receptor (GFRα) binding pairs exist, and they all signal through the transmembrane RET receptor tyrosine kinase.

Natural selection uses duplicated genes as raw material for functional innovation, co-opting their existing features to new functions. Understanding genetic innovation requires two questions to be ...

Alexandra Twin has 15+ years of experience as an editor and writer, covering financial news for public and private companies. Facility operations manage processes, people, tools, and assets for ...