More than 90% of drugs that appear safe and effective in animal studies ultimately fail once they reach human trials, and the consequences are staggering: billions of dollars wasted, delays in new ...

Decision-making inherently involves cause–effect relationships that introduce causal challenges. We argue that reliable algorithms for decision-making need to build upon causal reasoning. Addressing ...

When Motorola introduced its first mobile phone in 1984, the company hoped for a buying frenzy. But even the best marketers couldn’t have predicted the success of mobile phones. Today, mobile phones ...

An inherent principle of publication is that others should be able to replicate and build upon the authors' published claims. A condition of publication in a Nature Portfolio journal is that authors ...