Abstract: This study models the dynamics of ATP depletion and reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation in cardiac muscle cells under the influence of solar proton flux (SPF), focusing on both ...

Department of Physiology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 55 Lake Avenue North, Worcester, Massachusetts 01655 *To whom correspondence should be addressed: Department of Physiology, ...

1 The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China 2 Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China ...

Abstract: This paper challenges the traditional view of heat as a mere byproduct of muscle activity. We demonstrate that heat can directly induce muscle contraction, even in the absence of calcium ...