Keeping an eye on geophysical instruments inside Alvin. “It’s much more crowded than it looks,” Atwater said of the interior of the submersible Credit: Courtesy of Tanya Atwater This piece is part of ...

Earth's crust today has a surprisingly similar composition to the planet's first outer shell, or "protocrust," new research finds. This early rocky shell featured chemical signatures previously ...

Our planet has experienced dramatic climate shifts throughout its history, oscillating between freezing "icehouse" periods and warm "greenhouse" states.