In the narrative of Industry 4.0, the cloud has long been the protagonist. It promised infinite storage, massive computing power, and the ability to aggregate d ...

Abstract: Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs) play an essential role in industrial automation by managing complex safety-critical processes. Ensuring the safety and correctness of PLC programs is ...

Abstract: In most production industries, counting and filling represent the final stage of the manufacturing process, and their accuracy plays a crucial role in ensuring product quality and ...