The detection strengthens evidence that all six quark flavors existed at the dawn of time, in the soupy quark-gluon plasma thought to have suffused the Universe in the moments after the Big Bang.

Physicists are puzzled why fundamental particles come in different flavors, and can transition between them. New intensity frontier experiments hope to answer these questions.

That gluon will then find a green quark, where the magenta will annihilate with the green and leave the red color behind. In this fashion, colors get exchanged between interacting colored particles.

Quarks make up all matter, but have never been seen by themselves. And they have “flavors” and “colors” — though neither term has any relevance to what they actually do. Let’s take a ...

Sea quark surprise reveals deeper complexity in proton spin puzzle Date: March 14, 2019 Source: DOE/Brookhaven National Laboratory Summary: New data from the STAR experiment at the Relativistic ...

The colored arrows represent different possible directions, which probe how different quark flavors--e.g., an "up" antiquark (u) and a "down" quark (d)--contribute to the proton spin. view more .

With every discovery in this field of particle physics in the past 50 years, however, more questions arise about how quarks influence the universe's growth and ultimate fate. Here are seven ...

Home; Articles; Quasi particle model vs lattice QCD thermodynamics: extension to N f = 2 + 1 + 1 flavors and momentum dependent quark masses ...