Deep within the atoms that make up our bodies and even within the protons and neutrons that make up atomic nuclei, are tiny particles called quarks. When you purchase through links on our site, we may ...

A boiling sea of quarks and gluons, including virtual ones—this is how we can imagine the main phase of high-energy proton ...

Quarks are found in protons and are bound together by forces which cause all other known forces of nature to fade. To understand the effects of these strong forces between the quarks is one of the ...

Nowadays physicists are confident in their knowledge of nature’s ultimate bits of matter. A handful of building blocks can be easily summarized in a neat little chart. But merely half a century ago, ...

We know that all matter is composed of atoms, and atoms are made of protons and neutrons inside the nucleus and electrons outside. But unlike electrons, protons and neutrons are composite particles ...

Scientists have overcome huge barriers in the past year to get us even closer to nuclear fusion, and with it a near-limitless supply of clean energy. But, what if there's something far more powerful ...

The mass of the doubly charmed baryon observed in the LHCb experiment 1 3621.40 ± 0.78 MeV is consistent with several predictions 2, including that of 3,627 ± 12 MeV (an extensive list of other ...

Quarks make up all matter, but have never been seen by themselves. And they have “flavors” and “colors” — though neither term has any relevance to what they actually do. Let’s take a look at why we ...

Takashi Kubota does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organization that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond ...

The universe is a complex and intricate place. We can move easily through air and yet not through a wall. The sun transmutes one element to another, bathing our planet in warmth and light. Radio waves ...

Objects are made of atoms, and atoms are likewise the sum of their parts — electrons, protons and neutrons. Dive into one of those protons or neutrons, however, and things get weird. Three particles ...