Scientists have released the most detailed analysis yet of how protons and neutrons acquire their mass, solving a ...

Deep in the heart of the matter, some numbers don't add up. For example, while protons and neutrons are made of quarks, ...

A new theory-based approach provides access to the minute transverse motion of quarks within protons. Nuclear physicists have developed a new theoretical framework that allows them to calculate a ...

Around 150 researchers gathered at CERN from 1 to 5 September 2025, for the annual meeting of the Invisibles network.

Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Washington, Seattle, USA. reveals that the term on the left-hand side of the equation is the total current mass of the valence quarks in neutron, the ...

The CMS and ATLAS experiments at CERN’s Large Hadron Collider have observed an unforeseen feature in the behaviour of top quarks that suggests that these heaviest of all elementary particles form a ...

As they probe deeper into the heart of the atom, discovering ever smaller and more mysterious particles and particles within particles, scientists have succeeded in bringing the once stable world of ...

This research uncovers a groundbreaking link between electron spin and proton transport in biological environment, using lysozyme as a model system. Proton transfer, vital in many life processes, is ...

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This article takes a deep dive into the concept of mass, from atomic and molecular levels to subatomic particles, explaining how mass originates from the energy interactions of quarks, gluons and ...