Abstract: In information security, random number quality is closely related to cryptographic system security; moreover, random number quality depends on the corresponding entropy source quality.

自2025年初DeepSeek R1模型发布以来，强化学习（RL）在大型语言模型（LLM）的后训练范式中受到越来越多的关注，R1的突破性在于引入了可验证奖励强化学习（RLVR），通过构建数学题、代码谜题等自动验证环境，使模型在客观奖励信号的驱动下，自发地演化出与人类推理策略高度相似的思维方式。

Abstract: In software-based resolver-to-digital converters, parameter deviations of detected envelope signals (amplitude imbalance, dc offset, and nonorthogonal phase shifts) can introduce periodic ...