Abstract: The recommendation system (RS) predicts user ratings by collecting user information, but the users’ private information may be exposed in this process. Thus, it is crucial to achieving a ...

Abstract: Affine Frequency Division Multiplexing (AFDM), a new chirp-based multicarrier waveform for high mobility communications, is introduced here. AFDM is based on discrete affine Fourier ...

Your doctor may order a creatinine test to assess the health of your kidneys. A high creatinine level could be a sign of an issue such as chronic kidney disease (CKD). Creatinine is a waste product ...