To measure the progress of solvation — that is, how many He atoms (n) are bound to the Na + ion at a specific time (Fig. 1c) — a second, ‘probe’ pulse is used to ionize the Xe atom ...

Martina Havenith, spokesperson of the Cluster of Excellence RESOLV, adds, "In this interdisciplinary study, we did not put the spotlight on the carbon nanotube itself.