Organisms as diverse as amoebas and elephants frequently live in groups. Why do these and many other animals form complex societies? Aa Aa Aa Organisms are inherently competitive, yet cooperation ...

The most complex living things were colonies of microbes such as stromatolites and microbial mats. No plants, no animals, just a barren landscape of rock, river and ocean. The emergence of those ...

Complex systems are what emerge when basic building blocks come together to generate something new. These emergent properties can be unpredictable, powerful, and even beautiful, and they are the heart ...