In mammals and other eukaryotes most of the genome is transcribed in a developmentally regulated manner to produce large numbers of long non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). Here we review the rapidly advancing ...

The divergence of new genes and proteins occurs through mutations that modulate protein function. The effects of these mutations are pleiotropic, thus imposing trade-offs between selection pressures ...

Robert Kelly is managing director of XTS Energy LLC, and has more than three decades of experience as a business executive. He is a professor of economics and has raised more than $4.5 billion in ...

Enzymes help with specific functions that are vital to the operation and overall health of the human body. They help speed up chemical reactions and are essential for respiration, digestion, muscle ...